## 五源属性对照表 *藏中英三语* 五源：构成人体的五个基本要素。Five Elements：the five basic elements that constitute the human body. | 五元 | 特性 | 功能 | 与三因的关系 | 与用药的关系 | |------|------|------|-------------|-------------| | **土 ས་**
Earth | 重、稳、钝、软、润、干
*Heavy, stable, dull, soft, moist, dry* | 坚实、承载与稳固。构成骨骼、肌肉等固体，赋予形体。
*Provides solidity and stability. Forms bones, muscles, firm tissues.* | "培根"的调节水液功能 — 土的湿性。
*Phlegm's fluid regulation — Earth's moist quality.* | 土为药物生长之本源。
*Earth is the source of growth for medicinal plants.* | | **水 ཆུ་**
Water | 湿、润、柔、重、寒、稀
*Wet, moist, soft, heavy, cold, thin* | 湿润、融合与凝聚。构成血液、唾液等液体，使身体滑润。
*Moistens, binds, coalesces. Forms blood, saliva, bodily fluids.* | "培根"的调节水液功能 — 水的湿性。
*Phlegm's fluid regulation — Water's moist quality.* | 水为药物生长之汁液。
*Water is the vital juice for medicinal plant growth.* | | **火 མེ་**
Fire | 热、锐、轻、动、糙、干
*Hot, sharp, light, mobile, coarse, dry* | 温暖、成熟与转化。产生体温与消化热能。
*Warms, matures, transforms. Generates body heat and digestion.* | "赤巴"的产热功能 — 火的热性。
*Bile's heat production — Fire's hot quality.* | 火为药物生长之热源。
*Fire is the heat source for medicinal plant growth.* | | **风 རླུང་**
Wind | 轻、动、冷、糙、涩、干
*Light, mobile, cold, coarse, astringent, dry* | 运动、呼吸与遍行。构成气体和能量，驱动一切运动。
*Moves, breathes, pervades. Forms gases and energy, drives all movement.* | "隆"的推动功能 — 风的气性。
*Wind's propelling function — Wind's moving quality.* | 气为药物生长运行之动力。
*Wind is the motive force for medicinal plant circulation.* | | **空 ནམ་མཁའ་**
Space | 空、虚、无碍
*Empty, open, unobstructed* | 提供空间与可能性。构成体腔、孔窍。
*Provides room and possibility. Forms body cavities and orifices.* | "隆"的依托 — 空性。
*Wind's field — Space quality.* | 空为药物生长之空间。
*Space is the open ground for medicinal plant growth.* | --- **注释 notes** 人体五源不增、不损、不紊乱谓无病，反之谓有病 ——《四部医典》 *When the five sources in the body are balanced (neither increased, decreased, nor disturbed), there is health. When they are imbalanced, there is disease. — From the Four Medical Tantras (rGyud-bzhi)* --- ## 五元 → 三因组合流程图 *Mutual interaction and dynamic balance 相互影响，动态平衡* ![五元→三因流程图](/images/five-elements/five-elements-flow.svg) **三因 & 五源** *Three Factors & Five Elements* | 隆 | 赤巴 | 培根 | |----|------|------| | 风 Wind | 火 Fire | 土 Earth | | 空 Space | | 水 Water | --- ## 拓展：曼唐的色彩密码 *Expansion: The Color Code of Medical Thangkas (Manthang)* ![曼唐生理病理树图](/images/five-elements/five-elements-flow.jpeg) 《四部医典》医学唐卡（曼唐）树喻图之**生理病理树** *The Four Tantras — Tree of Health & Disease* **Claim ②：** 黄色为"土"元素 *Yellow represents the Earth element*；白色为"水"元素 *White represents the Water element*；红色为"火"元素 *Red represents the Fire element*；绿色为"风"元素 *Green represents the Wind element*；蓝色为"空"元素 *Blue represents the Space element*。 **Claim ①：** 白色代表"培根"，身体的"水"系统；黄色代表"赤巴"，身体的"火"系统；蓝色代表"隆"，身体的"风"系统。 --- ## 川派藏医特色说明 **Comparison Item** | | 北派藏医药 *Northern School Tibetan medicine* | 南派藏医药 *Southern School Tibetan medicine* | |---|----------------------------------------------|-----------------------------------------------| | **Geographic range** | 拉萨西北高寒干燥地区 *Cold, dry highland northwest of Lhasa* | 拉萨东南及康巴地区（四川甘孜、云南迪庆、西藏昌都、青海玉树）*Southeast of Lhasa and Kham region (Sichuan, Yunnan, eastern Tibet, Qinghai)* | | **Key figures** | 强巴·南杰扎桑 *Jangpa Namgyal Drakpa* | 宿喀·娘尼多吉 *Zurkhang Nyamnyi Dorje* | | **Core strength** | 理论、生理病理学 *Theory, physiology and pathology* | 实践、药物学 *Practice, pharmacology* | | **Prescribing style** | 善用温热药物，组方药味较多。*Prefers warming drugs; formulas often have many ingredients* | 善用清凉性药物，组方药味较少。*Prefers cooling drugs; formulas often have fewer ingredients* | | **Therapeutic specialty** | 艾灸 *Moxibustion* | 认药、放血、配药、炮制等 *Plant identification, bloodletting, compounding, and processing* | | **Contribution** | 绘制早期医学挂图，为曼唐奠基。*Drew early medical charts; laid base for Manthang* | 寻得《四部医典》原本，刻印《扎塘版》。*Recovered original Four Tantras; printed Zatang edition* | ### Sichuan-school Tibetan medicine The "Sichuan School" usually refers to the Southern School, as its center is in the Kham region of Sichuan. - **Geographic center：** 四川甘孜州是南派藏医药的故乡和发祥地，德格县被誉为"南派藏医药发祥地"。*Ganzi Prefecture in Sichuan is the homeland and birthplace of the Southern School; Dege County is known as the "birthplace of Southern Tibetan medicine".* - **Theoretical foundation：** 12–15世纪由宿喀·娘尼多吉建立基础框架。*The foundational framework was established by Zurkhang Nyamnyi Dorje in the 12th–15th centuries.* - **Diagnostic and therapeutic features：** 擅长观、问、把三大诊断手法；主治消化系统疾病（培根病）、高原性风湿病及高血压等。*Specializes in the three diagnostic methods: observation, inquiry, and pulse-taking. Mainly treats digestive disorders (Phlegm/Bekan diseases), high-altitude rheumatism, and hypertension.* - **Prescribing style：** 运用多味复方药剂、清热药物和放血疗法。*Uses multi-ingredient compound formulas, cooling herbs, and bloodletting therapy.* - **Cultural status：** 2006年入选国家级非物质文化遗产名录。*Inscribed on China's national intangible cultural heritage list in 2006.*

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Five Elements Theory — Earth, Water, Fire, Wind, Space